Closed Captions

A panel discussion featuring speakers from the Nez Perce, Umatilla, and Shoshone-Bannock tribes addressing problematic terminology used to describe the Lewis and Clark expedition. Panelists examine concepts like "discovery," "exploration," "civilization," and "wilderness" from Indigenous viewpoints, emphasizing that tribal nations were established societies with complex social structures, trade networks, and deep knowledge of their homelands long before the expedition's arrival in 1803–1806.

Transcript

0:02 The Lewison part my Expedition Americans overall. Uh I'm gonna introduce uh individuals and talk a little about uh the lottery. Amy, Ma am master the left or right. Uh Mr A Pan, his body behind and his re
0:25 not a few words about Amy is a Aasa of the three tribes of North Dakota. She's a nationally American scholar advisor and presenter in her life and Legends of Chicago, the interpreter for Lewis and Park Expedition. In 1999 A maa joined the National Council of the Lewis and Para
0:50 and in 2000 was d the first chairperson on the Council Circle of Trial and received her master's degree in education and marketing and completed for doctoral uh doctoral coursework at the University of North Dakota. She is currently employed as private involvement coordinator of the National Council of the Lewis and Park by, she is a member of the board of Directors of the North Dakota
1:13 Lewis and Clark Court Man Foundation and serves on the North Dakota Governor Lewis and High
1:21 Mean and her family reside here, the Reserve River in Western Art. So let me welcome. Uh Ma
1:39 thank you, Tom. It's great. To be here this morning. And um we have splendid beacon here on both sides of the river. And I would like to thank the organize.
1:52 He met uh Mr Dale uh Chapman, the executive director of the Illinois W art Bi Commission and Great Picture from the Shay Nation of Oklahoma for all of the work that he had done to bring tribes into this commemoration at this point along the term and a very meaningful, significant,
2:16 directly appropriate and accurate way. And this is the homelands of shock. Uh And these are the we are now in the homelands here on the lower Missouri in the areas that are to be removed from following the U fire exed. And so bringing charge back into the sign even on the lower Missouri has been quite a challenge, but you got some tremendous people who are
2:42 as we n American people came in years ago. And in this
2:48 of the three year commemoration of the Lewis and Clark expedition, we were continually presented with
2:56 perception
2:59 symposia presentations focusing on Jefferson's vision. It is uh Mary Lewis and William Clark, the exploration and the set of the West, however, was not an untamed unknown frontier. It was our home,
3:21 millions of acres of prairie lands, mountains, coastal lands were populated by millions. Our ancestors for centuries had been living out there quite success. Certainly, I might add, living what was during the early stages of this commemoration going Jefferson a vision for the West.
3:46 That vision included the opening and sing of the land,
3:52 the creation of an agricultural economy and the agricultural community, the development and expansion of international trade, the creation of an empire.
4:08 Our she said to me and more to very hot organized
4:20 morning, organized structures within our communities that have been created centuries before they ever arrived in our homeland and have sustained over time and are still in existence today, the speakers on the
4:39 set of discovery civilization, wilderness and exploration first by a paper that will be followed by a K who will discuss the long time existence of tribes along the fair, their countries. And as of subsequent opening uh for American
5:04 with the subsequent unsettling of the West brought air, I suppose part of the expedition and the disaster the expedition had on removal and dispossession on this trip that which has created monumental challenges that are thanks today,
5:28 monumental challenges, including recognition, an issue that tribes are having a tremendous time of today, including the tribe from which the God was born into. The one I to show I would now like to introduce all of the panelists at this time. And after all of the panelists will all speak when all these speakers are finished,
5:52 we will then have a time, a period of time for questions and answers. Our first catalyst is Alan Peacock. Alan is a member of the Nes Per S and he presides in the A B I
6:06 as we need it. And the court dismiss for most of his life. He is a former tribal council chairman of the first tribe. He served nine years on the um the executive private council political of years. He served as the chairman. He served four years as chairman of Tribes
6:29 Fisheries Organization which works for the protection and restoration of salmon in the Columbia. Alan was president
6:40 of the Northwest. He served one term as Vice National Congress of American. Alan Pham is a veteran of the United States Marine Corps and he spent in 1957 in Okinawa. Does she work as a firefighter on the mid west?
7:01 He narrowly escaped death by fire three times on the economy of the nation. Alan spent eight years working for the United States forest Service for three years. He was a tribal liaison of the National Company was part by centennial
7:22 that
7:24 is comprised of 40 representatives from across the trail, actually from coast to coast representing most of the tribes that Wilson encountered during the 1803 to 18 06 trek through our homeland. Allen is currently a member of the board of directors of the National Council to our bicentennial
7:48 and he is our chairman
7:52 and
7:54 is the author of the book of all these people on their homes and is entitled and his people. He is currently working on the circuit book and is contributing a chapter into the element. Lewis and Clark from a native American perspective book project. A retired from his position at the time in 2002. And if you travel
8:19 trail, he has 10.
8:23 Bobby Connor is K Nilla and nes her. She is the director of the Tomasa Cultural Institute, which is only not created by the Confederate tribes of il near Pendleton, Tomas,
8:38 a 45,000 square foot world class Museum. His mission present accurate history of their tribe. The K I mail and the wall wall to perpetuate the cultural knowledge of these three tribes and to be and to their um oh and also to contribute to, contribute to their tribal economy to
9:03 Muslim and cities depict the tribe's history, including their country Muslim podcast and the Oregon Trail migrations to their homeland. Bob Con teach her bachelor's degree at the University of Oregon and her master's degree in management. And
9:21 she is currently the vice president National Council who was implied by centennial founder and one of the co-chair of the council circle of private advisors. And she is the coordinator for the Council's National Cultural Awareness Campaign. Our third speaker is Rob
9:41 LP Show from the, from Idaho. Mr White is a direct descendant of the canyon. The brothers who Lewiston Clark, he might have a
9:54 passing across the range of the rocky mountains from patio away. A very, the expedition obtained fine horses and a knowledgeable God before they left that Shone village in August 1905 and embark on those mountains. Rod White is the executive director of the for Ln
10:18 High Indian Community and he is president of LEM High Environmental and Engineering. He is currently the chief executive of
10:27 side of the in England, the west coast, two master's degrees, one in educational administration and the other in environmental science. He is a second, he's a second year candidate in his doctoral program in education at Idaho State University and the University of New Mexico. He brought us here. We are very honor at Mr E. He is here with us
10:52 at this again. He is here this weekend with his healthy life, their two grandchildren. Ladies and gentlemen, I would prescribe to um introduce our call and with Mr Ellen PCO.
11:12 Thank you. And I'd like to express my appreciation for the people that put these events on. And I'm honored and privileged to be here to speak for you today. And I got involved in this uh writing table because I can see something was missing from this whole commemoration.
11:34 And one of the problems that I had was there's a number of words that if you use it in a context of, of another culture, it doesn't fit with our cultural view or perspective. And there's no words that fit into this category. Now you'll see them sometimes in the journals or even in the dictionary or other uses in class.
11:57 If you put in the context of our culture and, and the way we view the world, then, then it changed. But I don't want to change this. What I want to do. What I feel is important here is that I want to add it to history. And that addition is from our perspective, the native people in the United States and
12:22 celebration is what I've heard. It used a number of times and, and if you look at the White House and the uh operation of the Nationalism Bicentennial Council, we use commemoration instead of celebration because I felt that there's a certain perspective that celebration projects and that's, you know,
12:46 we're joyful for something that's occurred. But for Indian people, it was a joyful event when you see Wilson Park to a certain extent. But then things started to change, you know, and, and in those sha comments, why people predicted that that would happen to us. And so we change celebration to commemoration. And I think that's
13:11 all of our thing and acclaim the contributions of what the native peoples contributed to the development of this time. And I think that's very important. So when we use commemoration, I think it's more key when, when it's viewed from the perspective of next person to show me, you know, Mad Man human
13:34 to any other tribes that have encounters and the person in counts with the nonin people. So this is also reflected in the 1492 you know, we objected to the 1492 celebration. You know, it's unfortunate that that happened. But I didn't want to see that occur with the Ocean Park
13:59 by some opinion because I think now is the time to educate people. And if that means reading, finding or adding to the definition of words, and I feel that needs to be done. So these commemorations of celebration when we interact with Trump. Another one is the core of discovery, more exploration,
14:25 you know, in that context, you know, it may be well and fitting for a certain culture to say yes, I discovered. But at the same time, the Nesper people discovered Lewis and Park
14:39 because we were Portman in 1804 and a wire that many thousands of miles away from our homeland 200 years ago, tell you want to find out what the heck was going on that's far that far away from our homeland. And so we were
14:59 exploring, discovering who are these new kinds of people that came to our island and we call this whole United States. I, so we want to know what's going on. So how can a different kind of people live east of our territory on the east coast? What east of the Mississippi
15:21 River, how could they live there for 300 years without testimony about it? So we discovered this park way, but I knew that we were even near the rock rocky mountains, you know, so that those are the kinds of things that we need to add to. Not particularly change, but we need to, to uh identify some of these
15:45 perspectives from tribal people. That one, you know, he traveled in all four directions and that first people, he traveled north to a great lake. We traveled east over the beds and down in Missouri to find great lakes and we knew that there was a great river that flowed south to the ocean.
16:08 And of course, we went south as well. We went to far south and we see the little animal and we call this little animal, its play and his co ne first needs imitated and that little animal, this is a monkey. So that's how far south the trap. So now if nest first people traveled in all four directions, then
16:33 we knew of these people. Now, it's unfortunate that words become descriptive and, and the way my father used to tell me is that when the these new creatures come into our territory, they must speak the language you never heard before. They're gonna have eyes like fish. Some of them will have their faces on them upside
16:58 down and they'll bring good things and bad things and they smell and this is the or those part came to our country. So we described it, this is what he would say. We knew what they looked like and how they acted and what they could do. And of course, comes in the prophecies of, of our people and the change in the world.
17:24 And there's so many things attached to this that, you know, it takes a great deal longer for me to try to explain these things. But very briefly, of course, the language they spoke was English and French and other languages. And in the eyes of my pictures of gray and green and blue eyes and problems
17:46 finance. So those kind of things and then the faces on upside down are the people that beard and mustaches and involved on the problem.
17:56 If there's not you out there, you know who you are.
18:00 So, so that there's a great deal that we use. But at the same time, you know, we are very cautious and another word that means a little more definition of civilized and uncivilized. You will see this written in the uh historical kinds also
18:22 and other terms as well. But then who, who defines civilization now, it's the one that defines civil, right? Civilization is the one that writes to history and the one who, who, who wins the most Mars in the whole world game of life. So this is where the definition that becomes critical from another cultural aspect that changes.
18:48 So I sometimes let and ask people, you know, if I was civilized, uncivilized 200 years ago, when have I become civilized that this is the application prior to marketing? So just a word of trying to understand who we are and what he likes
19:10 and then we understand us and then we can become friends and neighbors and little on each other.
19:19 And the other word that you will see from time to time. And that's the word wilderness,
19:26 this wilderness, you know, as I went through gay trade school, you know, brought up the connotation. Oh, the wilderness full of wild beast and dangerous things and things that could kill you out there. But that was our backyard. We were part of the environment. We were part of the wilderness. We never considered ourselves separate from all our animals and birds and
19:50 insects and fix new particles. Beast is what we call all the animal people, our brothers and sisters because we consider themselves ourselves separate from them. And so that is another definition that we need to try to understand
20:12 and need to understand that the animal people were here first and then the human beings changed. And then we got in conflict with all the animal people. And they said that you cannot do this to us, to us anymore. You're eating us and you're using our hide, our bones for tools and clothing. If you keep doing that, we won't talk to you anymore.
20:37 So when human beings continue this practice, then the animal said, oh, let's sit down and talk this all. And so the agreement between the human beings and the animal people is that the animal people want to become new because they talk to everybody. They can understand each other and we can understand all the people.
20:59 But then when we abused them, then they said we were not popular anymore. They became you.
21:06 And that's the way they are today. So we agree in terms if we use you, then we will talk for you among the human beings because you cannot talk among the human beings yourself. So that's the way it is today. So I thank you for listening. I appreciate your patience. Thank you very much.
21:38 She part five near part five the day. It's just a solid com my name as a solid com. I want to express before I begin to talk to you, my gratitude to my ancestors and the ancestors of all of the native people who make sacrifices, wise decisions. And this challenge is already have so that we might be here.
22:02 The modern people are home by the legacy of LA.
22:07 They controlled the Weston Park many times they did not.
22:12 They make choices that are very difficult so that we might be here. And some of the choices we face today are small compared to the choices they faced
22:24 in the interest of setting the record straight about the context of the Lewis and Parker position. I'd like to point out that the Northwest Organs of 1787 when this was still the Northwest of the United States here in this area, instructed that utmost good faith shall always be observed towards Indians. And that land could not be taken without consideration of right of occupancy of the natives
22:50 and the leadership of the leaves
22:53 in my homeland in the Oregon, Washington, Idaho area, we were influenced as Alan has already pointed out by the fact that 4 to 3 ships had reached the coast of West South Oregon in Washington. By the time Melissa Clark arrived,
23:10 when the expedition arrived in our homeland, the land was ours. We understood that it was the place the creator gave us to live. It was the only place the creator would ever give us to live. It is still the place the creator gave us to live. It is our home. Not a s Allen said
23:35 it was not part of the United States. When I came there, Russians, Spanish, British and French were interested in our neck of the woods and they sought control over the economics of our region and the expedition came to help establish not ground
23:56 when Lewis and Clark came to our homeland, we were regarded by President Jefferson as nations. We are still nations today.
24:07 This story was is and always believed about land.
24:14 It will always be a story about land on the wars of thought over religion and philosophy and control of economics. But ultimately, it's about that.
24:28 Our plan as I pointed out is not an unoccupied frontier words we don't have in our indigenous languages.
24:36 When they left North Dakota and came to west down the Columbia river plateau. They encountered the most populous area they had reached. When there is the desperate villages coming down the center to the mid Columbia where our people were here, many villages, many lodges, many of those villages, one right after another, drawing thousands of pounds of fish.
25:02 They have not been in such America since they left for man. And at the time for man where the man villages near Fort Manden
25:12 in ST Louis.
25:17 When they came to our home,
25:21 we had law. We had philosophy, we had vie forms of architecture, the homes we lived in, we were completely dependent on easily renewable resources.
25:34 We were all, we had alliances with nations near us and far from us, we had reciprocity agreements in our transportation routes.
25:45 We were not heathens squad regs, thieves, savages or even chiefs. A word that is from our heart of my name is Avis,
25:57 whose origins are from a neighbor in the United Kingdom of England.
26:03 We were people whose identities emanated from our families, our clans and our villages. We have social order.
26:13 We had names for the places and all of the names for the places in our homeland. For stories, every single story was shortened into an abbreviated fashion that you would now call the name. But Louis, the park came and renamed rivers and places as if they did not have the support.
26:36 One of the unfortunate parts of the Lewison Park Journal. But also unfortunate is that they try very hard to write native words. Sometimes they can be very, very close to the actual pronunciation. Sometimes they came close to the names that people call themselves. Sometimes not in my home. Um All the Louis and Park called it Walla Walla Walla Walla is the place and he has uh from fire
27:03 her to or maps that you're welcome to take to see the native place names in our homeland compared to the names of Lewis and Clark,
27:13 Lewis and Clark when they came to our homeland for, for a variety of reasons, not considered very
27:24 many modern Americans read the journals and marvel of the accomplishments of Lewis and Clark. But our people thought they were living precariously where they didn't belong. On our first one of our first days with them, they bought 40 dogs to consume. They were afraid of the fish. Clark remarked that he enjoyed the boiled fish cooked for him by a man who pointed that out to all the men at home.
27:49 The boiled fish was cooked by a froth in a tightly Molden watertight basket and it was tasty. One of our leaders served him roasted mullet.
28:01 It was a white beet fish and it was tasty, but there were some problems they could not afford to buy dried fish from us because they were poor when they came to our country. And we knew from trading for thousands of years with other people in our homeland. How much the price for us
28:23 when Lewis and dark came are for relatives. Alan's ancestors escort these strangers into our homeland. And there were some remarkable things they know in the journalists. This is one of the very good things about the journals. They know that the tradition of labor between genders and our people. They talked about imagin fish, salmon.
28:47 They didn't understand the life cycle of the salmon that travels the world and comes home again to spawn and then die, which is why they were afraid of all those dead fish that were floating in the river that we call fingers.
29:00 They know that, that we had lofty elderly formed horses and that men and women could ride equally well. They know that the ped graves and bur burial grounds for the most part, they're expecting them something. We hope that everyone who travels the trail today will also do leave the arrowheads very fine, leave Sandra untouched. Please.
29:27 We want to be a very lean, nutritious diet with the great variety, probably 30 times of fruits, six kinds of berries. And today, notably, scientists have learned that the darkest fruit, for instance, hot berries or roots in the large proportion of antioxidants. We might have learned something about our diet from living on the landscape.
29:52 For thousands of years.
29:56 We had lots of them.
30:00 We have a variety of forms of games that we still do. Some people politically prefer not to see tribes involved in gaming get used to it. They've been doing it for thousands of years.
30:14 We have norms of hospitality that were unable. We so do
30:21 and we had captives, people call them slaves, anthropologists in particular. But if you forget to leave our own, we could marry you off. We might put you for productive labor when you come to visit, make sure you don't really leave your car.
30:40 When Melissa Far provided our homeland,
30:44 we were the older people there with all of our relatives, the animal people, but somehow between their arrival in 1805 and the beginning of my involvement in plenty these theater in the 1990 we fell off the maps. The circle of advisors has been very,
31:08 I'm a now to make sure that we're not invisible for as possible.
31:15 Find us.
31:17 We are trying very, very hard to connect our history, historic as well as contemporary homelands through these maps. We want you to understand that our knowledge of the ecosystems in our homeland represents knowledge that can help America pro protect its resources of America.
31:41 The circle tribal glasses is a few messages that I want to share with you now so that you understand very clearly what we come here to say. We're still here. We're not extinct. We may live somewhere else but she can still come visit us today and he'd like to come visit us to Circle tribal budget and prepare the directory to help you travel the trail and visit Indian country.
32:06 And Katie has those directories and she'll be handing those out as well. We want you to know that this is still a story about the land and since it is now our mutual, we have to all take good care of it, including the water that gives all things life.
32:25 We want to remind you as Alan asked that this is not a celebration for us but a commemoration.
32:32 We want you to be respectful as you travel to not only our homelands today, but the homelands of our people for thousands of years. And we want this country to recognize the contributions that American leaders have made lot of the land and their knowledge and all of the species of plants and animals and fish
32:56 that we have contributed to your diet. But we want the nation to recognize the contributions made from our philosophy and our religion and our laws. And most of all, we want to take care of the gifts that the creator gave us in all of their forms. Wait in the water on land, even the rock star.
33:21 And our belief is we hope that when you come to this again, you can think about these things and hear the stories in the place where the stories began. When ELISA Park traveled by a landscape, we were not the backdrop to the story, the plants and animals were not the backdrop of the story. We are the story that Lewis and Clark traveled through.
33:46 Thank you.
34:00 Good afternoon. You know, turn it on
34:04 after listening to face, take his face, we work out like that. Also men glad live here was as hard that we got that. Any particular, as I said earlier. Don't lump me. This is why I, you right, MZ Wire,
34:26 we are, we are called by our ally by the sanity of the people. They have lots of the of the, of the plumber and a further Susan, the scale of the character into the center.
34:42 You know, I heard a couple of speakers did yesterday outside of from Chicago where south by South.
34:53 No, I'm like very frankly, very, very fond of her
34:59 called the System Die for its Governor are taking
35:05 in this, in this event you call the forest cover
35:12 the role she plays a mother as a friend. I think that is very truly the, the, the, the the most touching humanistic side in mother that lost pressure.
35:27 The point that was presented in the new Southern society. I was there in DC. The hat with the first lady.
35:39 You know, it was a, it was a special moment for a little
35:44 to have to have our grandmother to be on that passion
35:51 director at ma on US point
35:57 as I grow through is in love. My county. We're talking in the birthplace society. We in the birthplace has allowed by people over 12,000 years long for the time
36:13 we look at they have created on those times with a significant low. The in this when we stay along the or the car go
36:30 and second, we have brought back into the valley for her place.
36:36 We asked her to continue to assist these men, the white man, the TB with the last one and also the black one we call the black white man in New York.
36:51 We are pushed to love my country. You know, because the place received early trials in the early eighties traders. Once the I occupied far north as the Great Fall, Montana,
37:08 the letter is just showing me, let me give you kind old history, history and she showed me history. She's showing me pictures that consists of Indian people from the president of San of California
37:22 that in California to East Florida. The high is what happen as far north as in Montana. Love by talking about it as well as in Utah and Wyoming east of the East brothers as far south as North Texas as in New Mexico. The man we all speak only
37:44 but the land like we occupy the east of West Montana, Ohio.
37:53 Yes, we had surgery in the black crowd man. And us
38:00 Marla.
38:02 I heard the lady from Black Bigs song yesterday at the at the college here it was about
38:10 understand and do as possible. Corrected the hat. I could be
38:16 growing up in same in 1955 or in 1955 in that county, half my people spoke save money.
38:25 So they were our sellers of the high street,
38:29 Jack and Lord. Yeah.
38:33 And some of our last really honor change. And
38:40 I thought in the past with that, with the other network, people post a
38:46 slide that thunder up from all that
38:52 when we had our watch, we, our fires are actually
38:57 and,
39:00 and really, and honestly, I think, you know what happens in that you have to love my people.
39:09 You know, when you get the contributions, where me and white has lost the di
39:18 hold on so close to our heart, we are very static in the contribution. A little piece of history, they paragraph themselves as they might be. But what happened later? Is it difficult to some accept
39:35 in 1967 Ulysses grant great to work on the status of left or not by, by order 100 B square mile reservation of my dad
39:49 in 1906, Terry Roosevelt stood with them. The homeland
39:55 were placed on four hall renovation and another try just not going to I tried, we share the same language but the same time we also thought periodically as it can for head was just the same.
40:13 So still today a lot are exile within the 4000 renovation,
40:22 Palestinian within the Port Hall reservation. Remember this is the same cry a couple of years ago, you wrapped in like they're fighting, they're fighting
40:34 by, by us journalist, the same tribe that helped for go achieve his goals. The same tribe that provided was the tribe of Sacagawea
40:47 as well. The pride of John Baptist are not
40:54 in our conservation in America is very tremendous. We're very, we're very fond and work out.
41:01 But to see what has happened to us is really the problem we have today. Why did it happen? so? Well, I think
41:10 it's something you can't keep an answer by myself. Today. I work at the society here today. The early people here are the dominant race, European Americans.
41:24 Now, you guys must be here for a reason. You must involved and probably due to the most hard writers and I haven't in the past with uh none of the stories. Very normal. Stephen am
41:40 we talked about the park, all the devices, what it mean to my people?
41:48 It's very difficult to, to like Mr P just cause the celebration commemoration of the program. So what I'm high right now is that we have never lost our opinions.
42:04 But the only way we have heard on high all to be short as the time again
42:10 to have a return and land back level.
42:14 Gl my county still 94% federal land. You know, they're led by camp, run by messing. We on the messing prize. One spoke at the, at the uh Me Wyoming high school,
42:32 the nasty burial site of their people go back for 12,000 years about my family
42:39 that a bomb on the US cavalry. It's viewed as a way of it's not, not precious and they blow for.
42:50 Remember this is the people say that we were talking, I gave so much to this Catholic as me,
42:59 I the guy and he wants to be the business wants,
43:04 you know the story, this story is, is very soon remained drive that 15 people g
43:13 they came to our valley who left my valley trying to cal in the present day of lower Idaho and into the, into the moonlight and in the moonlight, a love life paired up with the left of the 160 horses. And in level is
43:33 not really
43:34 the banks that were in the valley of my county basically weren't going to attack the, the fleeing that person is of the love my people. We provide 100 and 50 fresh horses to this group of people and who are about five gallery
43:52 I talk to I, I read about this and who's ne of the of the
44:00 you let the hospital ship it. But over in Oregon who were recently recognized by action, the development and we will turn around and endless again. Also recognize by secretary. No, I thought that we got the one fighter cl hall a non record. We have the low scale Montana,
44:25 the five managers of plus that we recognize by over 100 and 50. Uh No.
44:34 And many of us like this.
44:37 One of the landline plays a significant role in the Trump.
44:44 And I was talking to the park, the great great grandson Park. The day I thought we were talking about her red hair
44:55 G one,
44:59 if you read in 1855 the terms of the L DS church and established the L DS mission on my Valley. There was a red worthy one
45:09 man
45:12 that's a latitude of people to some part of.
45:18 And so, you know, our relationship with the sty goes beyond the court. Go, we look at the one my son who was greatly for John Lati.
45:34 And um it's very difficult because as a father and a grandfather as well, I like to watch him to run for home renovation.
45:46 You know, we aren't ready going back to the valley to valley or office into the valley when we walked into for sky.
45:56 Yeah,
45:58 it's, it's a dream so that we still did in today's tribe. That's where her place, Glen High Valley created the heritage. Also helped create the one we call sack a of
46:14 there in L High Valley. I was working with a bunch of moms in the University of Economy in Canada. There was a long high office.
46:24 The only place in the world is planned. Drugs help you go there m in the wildlife that we, we partake in as, as we eat the buffalo and they help in the nose and the EFL on our nose that I find out.
46:42 Yeah. Well, I look at my valley. We are surrounded by mass to the east. We have a mountain range, the north of Santa remains to the beach. We have a alumni happening.
46:57 It's our, it's our belief among our people who came from the cabins to lift the Bitter Mountain. It touches the head of the ST above. So this is home to a lot of people, a home to Saturday or home to ourselves as well. But today we have the safety. We are gonna see. No, I, I don't like any of you guys. I'm not going today. And, um,
47:21 I think if we talk the way park, where was in second degree today, I think they would like to come back 200 years later, see that unlike people pro in their house, the little frans for
47:37 there were friends to our grand side as we as well as her. So p
47:44 when you work at the and earlier about civilized like this, the, the city five out here, West Mississippi, the top of Cherokee Creek Chickasaw
48:01 through west across Mississippi into all lands
48:07 civilized. I guess it's, it's something
48:12 we found a one like that, but we also said we believe now one,
48:21 my grandfather, great grandfather were all men. It was the last movie I missing it. He came, became the same equivalent to your, your pope. Those of your Catholic for those of you who has the prophets.
48:42 He was the site for b in 1867.
48:46 We have a flight that's here to him. The sign of a religious man, mad peace
48:56 are not the warriors who are fishermen. We were har
49:06 and let's, let's look at the Salish. The is showing the advantage and applying for sister class. They refer to us as the san
49:16 why we keep the, the salmon, the san the fall of sunrise, the winner still we call winter salmon.
49:27 It's, it's just, it's unfortunate. And what happened to me the crime. That was part of what Scary Met 200 years ago. What has happened to us today? We're exiled from our own home back today. What she gonna take what we return for about in turn of Indian people to their homelands.
49:51 You know, I had the pleasure of growing up in my family, 1st, 1st 18 years of my life. Knowing after I remember seeing all these Lewison Park wax road maps, you know, Lewiston Park Trail, the birthplace of the
50:07 most recently saw the, the trail for the, the uh in our valley for the Nesper people as they fed the cal on the way to Canada.
50:19 My account out here just the other day and saw the same flags. I grew up with the blacks that he on the most are crowd.
50:27 So a lot of my people are proud of, you know, our contribution to America. We are proud of what the role that we play. We all something as well.
50:39 And uh you know, we are, we are glad to participate in question. Now, I wish this
50:48 recently we had a National Federation of Women Life Support a resolution after return back to my people back in one county.
51:01 We were also asking our, the Lee Park Senate Committee was to head up by Larry Craig, Senator Craig Mile and also champion Senator Bill.
51:12 It's not just a li I or so of tribes, certain tribes,
51:18 if we could just look back and open our heart, open her eyes, look at the nature of these people, the native people who play such a, such a tremendous role in helping for
51:31 a discovery. Yes. You know, we've been in that valley for like almost 12,000 years. I think you discovered that a lot more effort,
51:43 feel harm to us. It will always be harm to us
51:47 today. The only time we run a little back in my county just to be very our b
51:53 it's a shame. These are, these are the descendants of sacked and Robert.
52:01 The only time you come back to the restaurant I have is when we bur
52:07 but today we, we are, we are very hard to be here. We want to see the appointment
52:17 for our grand grandmother. We make chapters in the l of, of these uh peoples and Paul.
52:28 And this last week and the press published a book called the Secretary People Show, I worked at the Washington University for almost eight years and that book published. We work very long as well. It's the most in history as well. Might be our today as we go. I think they would return to that throw out.
52:52 And uh we hope that people like themselves and support the recognition of my people that I lost the recognition as I be a home
53:07 after Saint Louis. You know, you hear about the Shawnee.
53:12 Where else do you live in the holiday? We were friends and allies to the a lot for car.
53:22 You know, we had to have
53:25 those promises are made to my people. I married, who was a park. We still hold close on her today and we hope for a very tomorrow. Yes. Thank you
53:47 very challenging. And we have time for just a couple of questions and we have the mic back here. So if anyone has questions for any of the panelists,
54:09 uh thanks for your presentation. Uh My question would be as you pointed out the second statement from your
54:18 uh the this a few 100 years ago, a country that is similar to say 2 million years ago as other cultures were stereotyping, barbarians and with these new terms, co and other cultures were pushed out of life by so called civil, civil people. Would you say that there is a very close parallel to that? And this year has repeated itself?
54:44 Well, it uh you know, this, this isn't the only people worldwide has been pushed aside by so-called civilization. You know, this has happened worldwide, you know, in South America and other places as well. So I guess the definition of civilization is the one who applies it.
55:04 And then of course, you get to manifest destiny and it says, well, in the end of Christianity, we wanna explore and, and possess, you know, unoccupied land. And so you're given the context of the explorer and the discovery and that's international law by so called civilization
55:28 or civilized country. So, uh in our respect, what happened to us, we thought we were more civilized than other people. So if you look at it from our side, you know, it's quite different and, and because the, the history has been written by those that won so called one, you know, they define what it is.
55:57 He was here.
56:03 All right,
56:12 that the book will be available, actually bring both of us up with red of the time.
56:21 Yeah,
56:23 we also have a chain of projects, working projects, the tracks of you are working on three the Indian interior tribes in the Old Oregon with the University of Oklahoma Press. We're working on a tribal history, uh co author, we chat with our tribal elders, um tribal staff and scholars and we were working on a native place name at.
56:48 So I think um many, many tribes and uh Indian scholars are working on uh publishing here because so much of those the last years military purpose,
57:04 uh hopefully, our book that uh we kind of talk to see to the entire historian and we hope to have a book about Eli Park. And as per specifically, the book will be just focused on that. And hopefully, they will find a publisher by next year
57:25 and just don't find a note or just
57:29 among the Americans. We need to remember. There are many books out. There are history where our elders in the late 18 hundreds, early 19 hundreds uh interview perhaps but still written and interpreted from a monarch perspective. And remembering a, again that Lewis and Clark has never been a priority for our friends.
57:50 And so Lewis and Clark from a native American perspective is a very new perspective that is being presented by scholars such as those that have seen here today. Um I think that that's going to wrap up our session. I want to thank again, I am so honored to know and to work with goes down with the Connor and Ro EFW.
58:17 Thank you.
58:21 No,
58:23 this by the person here today. We can't thank you enough for being here, taking the time to do this, to help us all learn uh the lessons that should all have. Uh we have a, a symbolic gift uh for each of you. So I'd like to ask uh all the police to go forward first. Yeah, I do
58:50 and uh by
59:12 you, right?
59:32 You need it.
59:42 That the,
59:45 that's good
59:49 we, we uh
59:59 for but re pitcher and Andy, we have another about they were here on the torrential downpours in the first two days. So recently we have a, an umbrella and a rain jacket from Wilson Clark Community College.
1:00:22 So let's kind of come back to see us when we drive. Thank you all for being here.
1:00:30 Thank you so much. We cannot thank Doctor Dale Chapman. Enough. Um Your being type of involvement here is an example that I hope we see with every single you treat them from here all the way up to and back to that final again in ST Louis in 2006. Thank you. So
1:00:54 to like a baby for joining us today. Thank you. Thank you as well. The next presentation inside the tent will begin in just a few minutes and that is going to be by Tony Gerard and you will be doing the program development.
1:01:10 OK. This is quite open. So that's something that's interesting to you. Please stick around and there will be other programs that involved.
1:01:26 Walk there.
1:01:58 All exactly.
1:02:08 Oh,
1:02:13 can I and welcome to the Co Discover Two. We are in a lot of the travel across the country over the next few years on the Lewis and Park and right now we are inside the 10 voices and this even has been set up for us to bring in different speakers of different backgrounds with different expertise to share different loopholes of the le and Park expedition. And we.

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Native perspectives on Lewis and Clark expedition language and terminology

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