Mammal
American Bison
Bison bison
Photo: Jack Dykinga, Public domain
Common Names
Buffalo
Habitat
Kansas River and west, esp. after Spirit Mound
Conservation
Vulnerable
First Observed
1804-08-23
Observed At
Near present-day Yankton, South Dakota
The major source of food on Great Plains. First herd seen by Corps near Kansas River, first one shot near Elk Point, SD.
Journal References
15 journal entries mention American Bison
Jun
12
1804
Missouri River near Jefferson City area — Joseph Whitehouse: June 12, 1804
...au] in St Louis Our men of Each Craft Exchang*
Blankets for Buffalow Robes & Mockisons Sent One of Our
Men Belonging to the white pierouge back that Belong* to
Cap® S...
Sep
19
1804
Missouri River near Big Bend — Joseph Whitehouse: September 19, 1804
... Clark & 2 men went out to hunt on N.S. at noon we
Saw Some buffaloe Swimming the river. we Stoped and
Killed 2 of them. proceeded on. Cap! Lewis and Drewyer
went to h...
Nov
17
1804
Fort Mandan, North Dakota — Joseph Whitehouse: November 17, 1804
...forts with. Some of the
Mandans come & Informed us that the buffaloe had come near
the River again.
May
1
1805
Missouri River near Porcupine River — Joseph Whitehouse: May 1, 1805
...y much. Some of the party
went out to hunt. they killed one buffaloe one Deer 2 beaver
and one Goose. the party camped opposite to where I lay all
night the man who wa...
May
2
1805
Missouri River near Porcupine River — Joseph Whitehouse: May 2, 1805
...et
off this morning. Some men went out to hunt. Killed Some
buffaloe & Some Deer. one of the party kill* two beaver last
night. the men who was out a hunting found Sev...
May
29
1805
Buffalo Bull Charges Camp — Seaman Sounds the Alarm
In the predawn darkness along the Missouri River, a large buffalo bull stampeded directly through the expedition's camp, nearly trampling the sleeping men. The bull ...
May
31
1805
Missouri River, first view of Rocky Mountains — Joseph Whitehouse: May 31, 1805
...a draughm of Spirits as it was
wet. Cap! Lewis killed a fat buffaloe, & Some of the hunters
killed 2 more but lost one of them in the river. ab! 1 oC.
we proceeded on ...
Jun
22
1805
Joseph Whitehouse: June 22, 1805
...p their, in order to git the Iron boat in readiness &c. the
buffalow around the lower Camp verry thick Some gangs
Swam the River Cap! Clarks Servant york killed one wh...
Sep
4
1805
Joseph Whitehouse: September 4, 1805
...them well
cloathed with M? Sheep and other Skins. they have buffalow
Robes leather lodges to live in, but have no meat at this time.
but gave us abundance of their dry...
Aug
3
1806
Lewis/Clark descending Missouri/Yellowstone to reunion — Patrick Gass: August 3, 1806
...y and saw great gangs of elk feeding
on the shores, but few buffaloe. At sunset we encamped
having gone 73 miles.
Aug
4
1806
Lewis/Clark descending Missouri/Yellowstone to reunion — Patrick Gass: August 4, 1806
...proceeded on. We went very
rapidly, and in our way killed a buffaloe, an elk and some
deer. At five o’clock we passed the mouth of Milk river,
which was very high an...
Aug
5
1806
Lewis/Clark descending Missouri/Yellowstone to reunion — Patrick Gass: August 5, 1806
...t
noon we got under way. As we went on we killed a very fat
buffaloe and some deer; and two hunters who went on ahead
in the morning killed two very large brown bears....
Aug
7
1806
Lewis/Clark descending Missouri/Yellowstone to reunion — Patrick Gass: August 7, 1806
...after coming above 100 miles; and though dark,
killed a fat buffaloe at the place of our encampment.
Aug
12
1806
Lewis and Clark reunite at Missouri-Yellowstone confluence — Patrick Gass: August 12, 1806
...ty in their route had found game plenty
of different kinds, buffaloe, elk, deer, beaver, otter and some
other animals. They also found the Yellow-Stone river a
pleasan...
Aug
21
1806
Rapid descent of Missouri, 70-80 miles/day — Patrick Gass: August 21, 1806
...ckarees for
corn and beans, for which they give in exchange buffaloe meat
and robes. They are a very silly superstitious people. Cap-
tain Clarke gave one of their chi...