Plant

Bear Grass

Xerophyllum tenax
Plant Lolo Trail, near Eldorado Creek, Idaho County, Idaho New to Western Science
Bear Grass

Photo: Walter Siegmund, CC BY-SA 3.0

Common Names
Bear Grass / Indian Basket Grass
Habitat
Mountain meadows and open forests of the Pacific Northwest
First Observed
1806-06-15
Observed At
Lolo Trail, near Eldorado Creek, Idaho County, Idaho

Lewis described bear grass on June 15, 1806, on the Lolo Trail in the Bitterroot Mountains, noting “There is a great abundance of a species of bear-grass which grows on every part of these mountains.” The plant was first called “beargrass” by members of the expedition. Its leaves were extensively used by Northwest Native peoples for weaving intricate waterproof baskets and hats.

Journal Excerpt

Lewis, June 15, 1806: "There is a great abundance of a species of bear-grass which grows on every part of these mountains. it's growth is luxouriant and continues green all winter but the horses will not eat it."

Recent sightings

Where it’s being seen today

1 research-grade iNaturalist observation between 2023–2023. Most recent: 2023-09-01. Sourced from Terrain360 trail captures, cached locally.

Journal References

15 journal entries mention Bear Grass

Sep 2 1804
Clark: September 2, 1804
...s Stretched to Cover the Perogues water riseing, I observe Bear grass & Rhue in the Sides of the hills at Sunset the wind luled and cleared up coolAired the meet all i...
Oct 7 1804
Clark: October 7, 1804
...rd from the South, passed a large open Island covered with grass and wild rye, I walked on the Isd & 4 men they Killed a Braroe & a Black tale Doe with a black bre...
May 25 1805
Missouri River near Musselshell River — Patrick Gass: May 25, 1805
... washing away with every shower; with scarcely any herbs or grass on any of them. This evening we passed an island all prairie except a few trees on the upper end of...
May 27 1805
Missouri River, first view of Rocky Mountains — Patrick Gass: May 27, 1805
...or plains the boundaries of which the eye cannot reach. The grass is generally short on these im- mense natural pastures, which in the proper seasons are deco- rated...
Jun 4 1805
Marias River decision camp — Patrick Gass: June 4, 1805
...EXPEDITION 95 pears, which are in abundance, and some short grass. We went on about thirty miles and found the river still extending in a South West direction. We sa...
Jun 5 1805
Marias River decision camp — John Ordway: June 5, 1805
...these bot- toms, nothing groes in the high plains but Short grass and prickley pears, they Saw a large Mountain to the South of them covred with Snow, which was but ...
Jun 25 1805
Great Falls Portage — John Ordway: June 25, 1805
...Soil to those below, more Stones on the Sides of the hills, grass but a fiew Inches long or high and but a fiew flowers in the plains. Great quanties of choke cherry...
Jun 26 1805
Great Falls Portage — John Ordway: June 26, 1805
... creek on the Lard Side1 and one on the Starbord Side.2 the grass in the valley and on the hills look dry and pearched up. passed a hill & clifts of rocks in the aft...
Jun 28 1805
Great Falls Portage — Joseph Whitehouse: June 28, 1805
...h Side. passed livel Smoth large plains, on each Side. high grass in places & fine Short grass in general. considerable of good flax now going to Seed. the thissels ...
Jul 14 1805
Great Falls Portage — Patrick Gass: July 14, 1805
...w. The country around is composed of dry plains, with short grass. We passed two small creeks, one on each side of the river ; made 26 miles; and encamped on the nor...
Aug 21 1805
Clark: August 21, 1805
...ewis's party, this man informed me he found the tomk in the grass near the place the man Slept. Crossed the River and went over a point of high land & Struck it ag...
Aug 21 1805
Lewis: August 21, 1805
...ed to the air. some wet deerskins that had been spread the grass last evening are stiffly frozen. the ink feizes in my pen. the bottoms are perfectly covered with ...
Sep 7 1805
Lost Trail Pass, meeting Flathead Salish at Ross's Hole — Patrick Gass: September 7, 1805
...the names of which I am unacquainted. There is also timothy grass growing in it; and neither the valley nor the hills are so thickly timbered, as the mountains we ha...
Oct 17 1805
Clark: October 17, 1805
... feet 6 Inches. the tail feathers 13 Inches long, feeds on grass hoppers, and the Seed of wild Isoop 6 Those Indians are orderly, badly dressed in the Same fashion...
Oct 31 1805
Clark: October 31, 1805
...h them; Soon after my return two Canoes loaded with fish & Bear grass for the trade below, came down,from the village at the mouth of the Catterack River, they unloaded...

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